As is commonly known, over the last several decades an epidemic of “lifestyle diseases” has developed in the United States. Certain unhealthy lifestyle activities—such as inactivity, poor nutrition, tobacco use, and frequent alcohol consumption—have caused a sharp increase in the prevalence of chronic disease, such as diabetes, heart disease, and chronic pulmonary conditions. Out of a direct concern for the impact of chronic disease on employee health and well-being—as well the cost of health care coverage and employee productivity—employers have increasingly begun implementing health promotion and disease prevention policies, commonly referred to as workplace “wellness programs.”